Prophet Adam (pbuh)
NAME: Prophet Adam (pbuh)
TITLE: Safiyullah (chosen one of Allah), Khalifatullah (1st Deputy of Allah).
CHILDREN: Habil, Kabil, Sheeth and others.
Prophet Adam (pbuh) was the first human being created by Allah.
Imam Ali (pbuh) describes his creation -
Allah gathered together earth having various properties – hard, soft, saline, acidic…. He then added water to this mixture of earth and shaped it into a form. For a period of time this form which we know as the human skeleton was allowed to harden and set. The skeleton was then clothed with muscles and fat and a covering of skin given to it. Allah then infused into it His spirit and the figure stood up to be a human being.
It is said that as soon as Allah blew His spirit into Prophet Adam (pbuh), he sneezed and opened his eyes saying: Alhamdu lillahi Rabbil ‘Alameen “All praise is for Allah, the Rabb of the worlds.”
Allah teaches Prophet Adam (pbuh) all the names. This means he was taught all knowledge, speech, expression… Even the angels who at first had protested against the creation of a human being were bewildered at the knowledge Prophet Adam (pbuh) had. They conceded saying: “Glory be to You! We have no knowledge but that which You have taught us, surely You are All-Knowing, All-Wise.”
An interesting hadith comes to mind –
"Jibraeel came to Prophet Adam (pbuh) and said: 'O Adam! I have been ordered to let you choose one of three things. Choose one only.'
Prophet Adam asked: 'What are the three things?'
Jibraeel replied: 'Reason (aql), modesty and religion (deen)'.
Prophet Adam said: 'I choose reason.'
Jibraeel ordered modesty and faith to withdraw. But both faith and modesty said: 'O Jibraeel ! We both have been instructed by Allah to remain with reason wherever it may be."
Allah then commanded all the angels to do sijda before Adam (pbuh). They all obeyed except Shaytan who was a jinn who lived amongst the angels.
Shaytan was called Azazeel before and he was a Jinn. He used to be a teacher to the angels. When Shaytan was asked why he did not do sijda, he said he was better than Adam (pbuh) as he was made from fire and Adam (pbuh) was made from clay. He was sent out of heaven but was allowed respite until a day chosen by Allah.
Allah then asked Adam (pbuh) and his wife Hawwa (pbuh) to live in the garden of Janna. They were allowed to eat of all the fruits but were advised not to go near one particular tree and not to eat of its fruits.
Shaytan was always angry at Adam (pbuh) at being the cause of his being sent out of heaven so he entered Janna and told Adam (pbuh) that he was their sincere friend and was advising them. He told them to eat of the fruit they were asked not to go near as it would make them be like angels and live forever.
Prophet Adam (pbuh) and Sayyida Hawwa (pbuh) had never heard anyone lie before in their lives and because Shaitan swore by Allah, they believed him. As soon as they tasted the fruit, they realised their mistake and turned to Allah for forgiveness saying: “Our Rabb! We have been unjust to ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy on us, we shall certainly be of the losers.”
We too can use this dua mentioned in Suratul A’raaf, aya 23, in Qunoot to ask for forgiveness for our sins.
Allah forgave them but asked them to leave Janna and live on the earth where as long as they obeyed Allah Shaytan would not be able to trick them.
It is related that when Prophet Adam (pbuh) was sent to the earth they first arrived at a place called Arafat. At Arafat on the mountain of Jabalul Rahma they cried for forgiveness for their mistake. Allah forgave him. From Arafat, Prophet Adam (pbuh) and Sayyida Hawwa (pbuh) went through Muzdalifa and Mina to Makka. To complete their forgiveness, Allah asked Prophet Adam (pbuh) to do a tawaaf round where the Ka’ba was going to be.
Jibraail drew a square showing where the Ka’ba was to be and Prophet Adam (pbuh) did tawaaf.
Hawwa (pbuh) was asked to go away from Adam's sight and told to sit on the mountain of Marwa. On completion of his tawaaf Adam (pbuh) looked for Hawwa (pbuh). He climbed the nearest mountain to the Ka'ba which was mount Saffa and he saw his wife on the opposite mountain. He went towards her but before meeting her he was asked by Allah to cut his nails and hair which he had not looked after and let grow due to his grief of committing a mistake.
He did this and on meeting Hawwa (pbuh) he was asked to perform another Tawaaf (Tawaaf-un-Nisa) in thanks. This was the first Umra performed. | 
